Songs on Words by Eliška Krásnohorská, B23

composition history

In November 1871 music critic Ludevít Procházka published an article in Hudební listy in which he took issue with the fact that Czech songs were being neglected – by both composers and performers. In order to spark the interest of composers and audiences in this genre, he decided to organise the occasional “informal evening of songs”, which would introduce new songs by domestic composers. Dvořák responded to Procházka’s appeal by writing a group of songs for which he chose texts from the recently published collection by Eliška Krásnohorská, Life in May. The performance of the fifth song from this cycle, Remembrance, at the second informal evening of songs on 10 December 1871 is important chiefly for the reason that this was the first ever public performance of a work by Dvořák (the composer was already 30 years old at that stage!); and it was also the first time that he would have read reviews of his work by the music critics of the day.

general characteristics

This work is an important milestone in the development of Dvořák’s song oeuvre. It was written in a period when the impact of the German Neo-Romantics on the composer’s work was beginning to wane, yet certain elements of this, Dvořák’s “Wagnerian” period, are still present in his songs. This influence was chiefly reflected in his fondness for unusual modulations and “false” closures to the melodic lines. On the other hand, however, the songs now betrayed aspects of Dvořák’s later distinctive compositional style. Apart from the song The Reason, which observes a pure strophic form, the remainder is essentially through-composed with traces of the strophic structure.